There are so many different MFA software out there, but picking the right one for your business means you HAVE to know how MFA functions. MFA works by combining two or more components, allowing some flexibility for users and companies when compared to 2FA.
We’d personally recommend you opt for an MFA software with SSO functionality or one that enables the usage of a zero trust framework (ZTF) based on what your business needs.
However, to help you get a better idea - here’s what you need to know about how MFA works.
How Does Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) Work?
MFA operates by combining something you know - like a password or PIN, with something you have on (like a device or physical access card) or something you are (your biometrics, voice, or even behavior).
While this can seem repetitive in any conversation around MFA - these are essentially the fundamentals or three components. Now based on your IAM or CIAM, you can even set conditions based on location or even use Windows authentication in your MFA framework.
1. Something You Know
A password or PIN is the primary barrier against unwanted access for this part. The success of this strategy, however, calls for user education to steer clear of typical problems like weak or repeated passwords and strict password needs.
2. Something You Have
This element typically involves a physical device, like a smartphone or hardware token (like an access card or another device), that generates a unique verification code or sends a push notification. By requiring this additional factor, even if a password is compromised, unauthorized access is not a possibility.
3. Something You Are
This is biometric data, which is typically something like fingerprints, facial recognition, or voice patterns, to verify identity. By utilizing unique biological traits, companies can make sure that access is granted only to authorized users.
What are the Different Stages in the MFA Process?
- Step 1 - First Login Attempt: This initial action requires users to enter their primary credentials, such as a username and password. The system verifies this input against stored data to confirm identity. If the password or attempt is correct, the user has to make use of additional authentication factors in the next step.
- Step 2 - Second Verification: Users are then asked for an extra authentication factor, like a one-time code generated by an authenticator app or sent via SMS, after the first login attempt. By making sure unauthorized access is not likely even in case login details are stolen or shared, this step adds an extra degree of security.
- Step 3 - Access Confirmed: Once both authentication factors are successfully verified, users gain access to their accounts or applications. This process not only improves security by validating the user’s identity but also makes sure that the session is encrypted, safeguarding data in transit.
What are the Types of Authentication Used in MFA?
For better usability, you typically combine your MFA with an SSO-based with conditional access. This can lower the levels of authentication based on location or device.
Aside from your password or PIN - MFA usually makes use of the following listed below:
1. OTPs - SMS and Email Based Passwords
While some people may find it convenient, using OTPs sent by email or SMS is a popular but slightly problematic multi-factor authentication (MFA) technique.
This kind of authentication adds an extra degree of protection during login by creating a one-time password that is sent to the user's registered email address or device. However, this tactic may be vulnerable to phishing or interception, which might jeopardize private data.
By understanding the limitations of SMS and email-based OTPs, companies can better test their MFA strategies and look better ways for securing user identities.
2. QR Code Authentication
Whether you’re securing transactions or accessing sensitive data, QR code authentication is one major aspect to consider in multi-factor authentication. By creating an individual code for every login attempt, this method can offer an essential layer of security, even if it can appear a bit extra.
This also lowers the possibility of credential theft and helps stop unwanted access. By using QR code authentication, you can improve user experience and security which is essential for maintaining trust in digital interactions.
3. Push Notifications
This method uses secure messages sent to the user's device, prompting them to approve or deny login attempts.
By requiring direct user interaction, push notifications enhance security while reducing the likelihood of unauthorized access. That said, the effectiveness of this method hinges on the security of the user's device.
4. Authenticator Apps
Authenticator apps are a major component of multi-factor authentication. These apps generate unique codes that are only valid for a short period, making sure that users must present something they possess during login.
For those acquainted with MFA, the importance of these apps cannot be overstated. By integrating authenticator apps into your security framework, you are allowed to log into your system without having to worry about a password or your personal information being leaked.
5. Hardware Token
Interestingly enough, hardware tokens are a highly secure type of authentication done through. These physical devices generate time-sensitive codes that provide an additional layer of security beyond standard passwords. Since each token is unique and only usable by authorized users, the possibility of unwanted access is greatly decreased.
Companies can improve their security posture by putting hardware tokens in place, allowing users peace of mind and protecting sensitive information from changing cyber threats.
6. Biometric Authentication
Biometrics refers to your fingerprints, retina scans, or even facial recognition authentication. It might be simple, but this is one of the most popular routes these days.
While it might be tempting to prioritize convenience over advanced authentication methods, using biometrics can make a huge difference in compliance and safeguarding sensitive information. That said, with this, there’s always the risk of the user’s biometric details being leaked allowing them to be compromised potentially forever.
7. Windows Authentication
This method uses existing Windows credentials and can incorporate additional factors, like biometric scans or security tokens, to strengthen access control. It makes sure that users are who they claim to be, safeguarding sensitive data and resources within the network.
By using Windows authentication as part of an MFA strategy, companies improve security while simplifying user access, making it a major aspect of a reliable cybersecurity framework.
8. Passkeys
These cryptographic tokens replace traditional passwords with secure, device-specific keys that enhance user convenience while maintaining strong security. Passkeys use asymmetric encryption, meaning the private key remains securely stored on the user's device, while the public key is held by the service provider.
This type of passwordless authentication removes risks associated with phishing attacks and credential theft, making passkeys a main part of modern authentication frameworks. One good example of this would be Apple Passkeys which is how Apple authenticates different apps in their environment.
What is Adaptive or Risk-Based MFA Authentication?
While it may seem complex to some, adaptive multi-factor authentication (MFA) is essential for dynamic security in the current digital landscape.
This approach looks at various risk factors, such as user behavior, device health, and geolocation, to determine the level of authentication required. By adjusting the authentication process based on real-time checks, companies can add additional security without losing out on user experience.
- User Behavior: Anomalies in login patterns, such as unusual times or locations, trigger additional verification steps.
- Device Health: The security posture of the device used for access, including OS updates and malware checks, influences the authentication process.
- Geolocation: Access attempts from unfamiliar or high-risk locations can prompt stricter authentication measures.
- Network Security: The security level of the network (e.g., public Wi-Fi vs. corporate network) can dictate whether additional verification is necessary.
- Risk Score: Algorithms that analyze historical data and contextual information help assign a risk score to each login attempt, guiding the MFA requirements accordingly.
How Does MFA Stop Account Compromise and Credential Theft?
Multi-factor authentication (MFA) is essential for improving your digital security, whether it is for sensitive accounts or to stop unwanted access.
Although it may be simple to rely only on passwords, MFA really works better at lowering the chances of account hacking and credential theft.
Some companies also use multi-factor authentication (MFA) to block attacks and lower the likelihood of credential theft and account breaches.
Why Enable MFA Using Infisign?
Enabling multi-factor authentication (MFA) through IAM or CIAM software is a no-brainer that adds better control over your security protocols.
This lets you add layered security measures, protecting user identities and sensitive data from unauthorized access. By using centralized identity management, MFA can easily use various authentication routes, including biometric verification and hardware tokens.
Using MFA within IAM or CIAM like Infisign not only improves security but also makes user experiences a whole lot better. Alongside MFA, you can also enable RBAC or conditional access to help make your security foolproof.
.jpg)
